Let’s break down the top school cybersecurity threats & the simple strategies to prevent them.
We think of our schools as being a safe, friendly place, but once connected to the internet, it’s like open season for cybercrime. These days, no enterprise is spared from malicious hackers and the disruptions they cause. Public schools, private schools, and even not-for-profit educational institutions are particularly vulnerable, putting both school staff and student data at risk, including life-altering data such as social security numbers.
IT staff, administrators, teachers, and other school employees ‘need to realize that cybersecurity risks have become increasingly dangerous in the education sector. It’s well known that schools are not sufficiently funded in security technology. That is why attackers view school districts as sitting ducks when it comes to cybersecurity, mostly due to budget constraints, a lack of proper security assessments, and insufficient cybersecurity training that causes lapses in security awareness.
Let’s break down the top cybersecurity threats to data privacy that schools are facing today—the “bad.” And simple strategies to prevent it—the “good.”
1.Phishing Attacks & Social Engineering
The Bad – The most common threat is social engineering, which includes phishing – a technique used by cybercriminals to con users into sharing sensitive data such as network credentials or by installing malware. A firewall or antivirus software can do nothing against social engineering, because it capitalizes on weaknesses in human behavior and thinking. Attackers send phony emails that appear to come from valid sources in an attempt to trick users into revealing confidential information.
“Cyberattacks are as common as ever and becoming more elaborate as technology advances,” says UDT CISO Mike Sanchez. “You’re always getting phished. The question is how aware are you and can you successfully spot the scams?”
The Good – UDT recommends the following tips:
Be vigilant about emails that seem impersonal or use scare tactics.
Never download files you’re not familiar with.
Always check a URL before you click on the link—sometimes bad links are embedded into an email as a way to trick the reader.
Companies rarely send out messages without proofreading content, so multiple spelling and grammar mistakes can signal a scam message (unfortunately, this has become less common with the rise of artificial intelligence).
Most companies will have a brand identity that is recognizable in their emails. Look for logos, brand colors, and contact information in the message.
2. Data Breach
The Bad – This is the most common invasion involving actors who are not authorized to see or change certain types of data, break into a district or school’s system and copies, steals, transmits, changes, or just views the data. These types of incidents make up a little more than a third—36 percent—of all reported cyberattacks on schools, according to the K12-SIX.
Typically, these are financially motivated attacks, regardless of whether or not they have trusted access, by external hackers with intent to sell student and staff data for identity theft. Or simply a malicious internal actor like a student who retrieved a teacher’s password and logged in to the district or school network to change some grades
The Good – The following guidance from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) for businesses can help school administrators mitigate the damage if personal information may have been exposed. Although the answers vary from case to case:
Secure systems by changing passwords, limiting user access, contacting law enforcement, and bringing in experts to understand exactly where systems are vulnerable and what data has been accessed.
Take the impacted devices offline immediately, but don’t turn them off until forensic experts have been consulted. If a hacker stole credentials, note that the system will remain vulnerable until those credentials are changed.
Notify the IT department and/or cybersecurity provider who will then execute security measures to prevent further risk and damage.
Implement multi-factor authentication for anyone accessing staff and student information on your system.
Maintain a log of authorized users’ activity and keep an eye out for unauthorized access.
3. Ransomware
The Bad – Education Week reported that in January of 2022, roughly 5,000 schools and colleges saw their websites go dark when a ransomware attack targeted Finalsite, a private company that provides web hosting and other communications services.
Ransomware attacks, which involve bad actors encrypting data files and systems through malicious software and requiring districts to pay a ransom to regain access, are also another huge threat to school districts. In an increasingly remote learning environment, these attacks have become more challenging because systems aren’t set up to be automatically patched once they’re off the network.
The Good – Security solutions, like MDR (Managed Endpoint Detection & Response), can help your school defend its data and protect against cyberattacks. MDR solutions continually monitor endpoint devices and provide more coverage than anti-virus software. It will spot anomalies or suspicious activity across your cloud estate. If an incident is detected, it can rapidly deploy action, down to machine isolation or automated response.
The “Ugly” Impact of Lax Security
Cyberattacks are no longer a matter of “if” but “when,” and the consequences could be seriously damaging to any organization. Both K12 schools and higher education could run the risk of exposing research data and personal information of vulnerable students and school staff in a cyberattack, whether it’s ransomware, distributed-denial-of-service (DDoS)/denial-of-service attacks, or any other form of cybersecurity incident. Not to mention, the high probability of shutting down critical infrastructure and paralyzing operations. With so many cyberattacks in the education sector, it’s essential to follow cybersecurity best practices and to have an incident response (IR) plan in place to identify, prevent, and respond to cybersecurity threats and stay resilient against attacks.
